If the methane from the cattle on your neighbor's farm has a larger carbon footprint than your transmitter, you might be running QRP.
You Might Be Running QRP....
Courtesy K3ZM:
If your signal level is mentioned in the Frequently Asked Questions section of ISITLOWT.COM, you might be running QRP.
If you have come to learn that "QRL?" means, "It is time for you to QSY now, OM," you might be running QRP.
If it seems unusually cold in the shack, you might be running QRP.
If the methane from the cattle on your neighbor's farm has a larger carbon footprint than your transmitter, you might be running QRP.
If you go through a contest hitting the F4 key 400 times more than the F1 key, you might be running QRP.
If you feel like the invisible man, you might be running QRP.
If you can hear great without your noise canceling headphones, you might be running QRP.
If you work a local station and he says the line noise is louder than your signal, you might be running QRP.
If the night light in your bathroom dissipates as much heat as your radio, you might be running QRP.
If you can copy your brother's attic long-wire in Florida better than he hears your full-sized array, you might be running QRP.
If you are going head to head against KR2Q in a DX contest, you might be running QRP.
If your score is rising more slowly than global temperatures, you might be running QRP.
If your father's pacemaker produces more energy than your transmitter, you might be running QRP.
If your QSO total is approximately equal to the combined points in the latest Knicks-Lakers game, you might be running QRP.
If you have the winning score in the Stew Perry TBDC and your name is not Al, you might be running QRP.
If getting beaten to an ordinary DX station becomes as commonplace as finding AA1K on 1820.5, you might be running QRP.
If you are having the most fun ever per watt of output power, you might be running QRP.
If the methane from the cattle on your neighbor's farm has a larger carbon footprint than your transmitter, you might be running QRP.
CQWW CW - 2012
Conditions this year seemed a bit down compared to last year....which is unfortunate, as this does not bode well for the remainder of this solar cycle. It's starting to look a lot more like 20m and down will be where you'll need to concentrate antenna efforts for the next, oh, 30 years or so! I'm writing this during the ARRL 10 meter contest, and that band is totally deceased. I'm only a few short of 100 QRP countries on 10 and 15 - I need to get those knocked out this winter for a 5BDXCC, or it may be a really tough nut to crack!
I did have less butt-in-chair time this year, but that was most likely due to the worse band condx. I also spend a bit of time comparing the FT817ND to the new KX3.
I definitely need to do some antenna work!
I did have less butt-in-chair time this year, but that was most likely due to the worse band condx. I also spend a bit of time comparing the FT817ND to the new KX3.
I definitely need to do some antenna work!
Band QSOs Zones Countries
------------------------------
------------------------------
80: 5 4 4
40: 22 8 17
20: 27 10 23
15: 69 19 45
10: 40 15 32
------------------------------
Total: 163 56 121 Total Score = 78,057
Club: South East Contest Club
40: 22 8 17
20: 27 10 23
15: 69 19 45
10: 40 15 32
------------------------------
Total: 163 56 121 Total Score = 78,057
Club: South East Contest Club
Elecraft KX3
I've been using a Yaesu FT817ND for just over 20 months as my primary rig. It is pretty good for what it is: a portable 5 watt radio that covers from 160 meters through 432 mHz. It's really not a bad radio, but like most rigs, it has its own set of quirks. Even after using the rig for a while, the menu system is a bit cumbersome. The LCD display is small. It's a good battery-powered portable rig, but draws a surprising high amount of current for that type rig. The receiver is OK but not great - I've added a 300 Hz CW filter which helps, but the front end does kind of fall apart during contests, especially on 80m. And for casual use, that narrow a filter can be uncomfortable to listen to for a lot of folks...even me, and I like a fairly narrow bandwidth.
Early this year, ND4V was kind enough to loan me an Elecraft K3, and I discovered it is the finest radio I've ever used. A little pricey, but compared to top of the line rigs from Yaesu/Kenwood/Icom, it's really a bargain. Around about the same time, Elecraft started shipping its KX3 - their latest portable rig, and it promised to be head and shoulders above the FT817 and any other commercially available QRP rig - either built or kit. Many referred to the KX3 as a "mini K3".
I had had a chance to put my hands on a KX3 and knew that it "felt good", and was even able to operate one for about a half hour or so at the QRP gathering at the Huntsville Alabama hamfest this year and it seemed, at least ergonomically, to blow away the Yaesu. Then in August, Rob Sherwood tested the KX3 and added it to his table of Reciever Test Data. Wayne, N6KR, one of Elecraft's principles had mentioned the year before, pre release of the KX3, that he was certain the rig would be near the top of Sherwood's chart...and it was - it came in at number 1 of all receivers tested, even ahead of the K3! Now the ranking is done based on dynamic range, which is only one measurement of reciever performance, but it is certainly one of the most important criteria, if not the most important. It was plain from Sherwood's testing that the KX3 was something special: Superb receiver performance that you can hold in the palm of your hand!
Bottom line is that I wanted a KX3 to evaluate to see if it was a worthy replacement for the FT817. I felt sure it probably was, but I didn't want to just "drink the Elecraft KoolAid". So, events transpired that I was able to acquire a KX3 just a few days before the CQWW CW contest...a perfect test!
The first night of CQWW usually goes a bit slow for me, especially now that I'm limiting myself to 5 watts and only have an 80m doublet up about 40 feet or so. I figured it would be a perfect time to A-B the KX3 and the FT817. I used a BNC-Tee to split my antenna between the two rigs. I had an earbud in one ear from the Yaesu, and one from the Elecraft in the other. I used the 300Hz filter in the Yaesu, and set the Elecraft's bandwidth to 300 Hz also. I was pretty amazed at the differences.
First, the KX3 just sounded better. It was cleaner - the Yaesu has always had a bit of hiss that the Elecraft really didn't have. Additionally, the filter response of the Elecraft seemed much tighter than the Yaesu's - the skirts seemed steeper. The Elecraft seemed about the same as the Yaesu as far as sensitivity goes, which means the rig wasn't the sensitivity limit, the band noise was. But the KX3 could separate signals so much better than the FT817! I listened to a loud station CQing, and in the Yaesu, there was another loud station about 500Hz above that was easy to copy in the Yaesu, certainly loud enough to cover up weak stations - I couldn't even tell he was there in the KX3. Listening to the lower side, the Yaesu seemed a bit better, but still not as good as the KX3. In fact, I heard stations calling the CQer that were covered up by stations below the CQer in the Yaesu - in the KX3, I could still detect the QRM, but it was suppressed enough that I could copy the caller when it was impossible to do so in the Yaesu.
Ergonomically, the KX3 seems to do everything right - very little consultation of the manual has been required. Most of that has been for setup of rig that is a bit out of the ordinary - and it's all pretty much set and forget stuff. But the KX3 uses the same LCD display as the K3, so it is plenty readable. The knobs all seem to do what you'd expect, and the alternate functions make sense. All the buttons are plainly labelled. The radio is very easy to use.
Now, for other niceties:
Dual Watch - very impressive and highly useful when calling DX stations that are working split. I've found it so useful that I've dedicated one of my programmable function buttons to activate and deactivate this feature.
Output Power Adjustment - It's easy to dial in whatever power output you desire from 100mW up to 12 watts, no menu hunting needed
CW Delay/QSK - see output power adjustment
Bandwidth Changes - see output power adjustment - and you can crank the bandwidth down to 50 Hz - and it still sounds good that narrow!
Sidetone Level - see output power adjustment - sense a theme here?
Alternate VFO B Display - the biggest problem with this one is deciding *which* alternate to use. For SOTA expeditions, I can see the clock, battery voltage, and current all being useful...but in that case I think the clock will win most of the time because of paper logging. And at home, I'm sure the VFO B frequency will win.
I/Q Outputs - it's very easy to set the rig up an have a panadaptor type display: just connect a stereo cable from the rig to the sound card input on the computer. I'm using NaP3 right now, and it actually displays frequency, and can control the KX3 as well when using a USB connection between the rig and the computer. And do all the DSP if you'd rather use it for that instead of the KX3. I've also just discovered LP-Bridge, which will allow the panadaptor display with proper frequency indicated and rig control via separate logging software. Pretty dang neat.
There is a lot more that this rig will do that either doesn't interest me, or that I just haven't discovered yet (I'm about 18 days into owning it). But I can say without hesitation, it is the finest radio I've ever owned. The only nit I can pick with it is that the speaker is small, and it can be pushed into distortion/rattling. But I've found that if I need to be listening that loud, I should probably be on the headphones - problem solved!
How does this radio do so much, so well, in such a small package? It's pretty simple really: it's all in the software. You see, the RF part of the rig is really a direct conversion receiver. That's about as far as my true understanding goes, but basically the signal is directly converted to audio and split into two signals that are out of phase(I and Q). From there, the software works its magic - the radio is really an SDR - software defined radio. What's different from the way many hams think of that is that the processing part is built into the radio's hardware rather than in a separate computer. It allows for easy change and update of the radio's basic function with simple software upgrades (note that "easy" and "simple" are from the end users' perspective!).
The KX3 has performance that rivals and even exceeds all of the top of the line radios for considerably less money with one exception: power output. But, if you're a dedicated QRP operator, that isn't a limitation at all, and in fact, you're not paying for something you won't use. Elecraft is working on an external power amp for those who are interested in using this radio at a higher power level, but it hasn't been released as of this writing.
My FT817ND will be for sale soon.
Early this year, ND4V was kind enough to loan me an Elecraft K3, and I discovered it is the finest radio I've ever used. A little pricey, but compared to top of the line rigs from Yaesu/Kenwood/Icom, it's really a bargain. Around about the same time, Elecraft started shipping its KX3 - their latest portable rig, and it promised to be head and shoulders above the FT817 and any other commercially available QRP rig - either built or kit. Many referred to the KX3 as a "mini K3".
Bottom line is that I wanted a KX3 to evaluate to see if it was a worthy replacement for the FT817. I felt sure it probably was, but I didn't want to just "drink the Elecraft KoolAid". So, events transpired that I was able to acquire a KX3 just a few days before the CQWW CW contest...a perfect test!
The first night of CQWW usually goes a bit slow for me, especially now that I'm limiting myself to 5 watts and only have an 80m doublet up about 40 feet or so. I figured it would be a perfect time to A-B the KX3 and the FT817. I used a BNC-Tee to split my antenna between the two rigs. I had an earbud in one ear from the Yaesu, and one from the Elecraft in the other. I used the 300Hz filter in the Yaesu, and set the Elecraft's bandwidth to 300 Hz also. I was pretty amazed at the differences.
First, the KX3 just sounded better. It was cleaner - the Yaesu has always had a bit of hiss that the Elecraft really didn't have. Additionally, the filter response of the Elecraft seemed much tighter than the Yaesu's - the skirts seemed steeper. The Elecraft seemed about the same as the Yaesu as far as sensitivity goes, which means the rig wasn't the sensitivity limit, the band noise was. But the KX3 could separate signals so much better than the FT817! I listened to a loud station CQing, and in the Yaesu, there was another loud station about 500Hz above that was easy to copy in the Yaesu, certainly loud enough to cover up weak stations - I couldn't even tell he was there in the KX3. Listening to the lower side, the Yaesu seemed a bit better, but still not as good as the KX3. In fact, I heard stations calling the CQer that were covered up by stations below the CQer in the Yaesu - in the KX3, I could still detect the QRM, but it was suppressed enough that I could copy the caller when it was impossible to do so in the Yaesu.
Ergonomically, the KX3 seems to do everything right - very little consultation of the manual has been required. Most of that has been for setup of rig that is a bit out of the ordinary - and it's all pretty much set and forget stuff. But the KX3 uses the same LCD display as the K3, so it is plenty readable. The knobs all seem to do what you'd expect, and the alternate functions make sense. All the buttons are plainly labelled. The radio is very easy to use.
Now, for other niceties:
Dual Watch - very impressive and highly useful when calling DX stations that are working split. I've found it so useful that I've dedicated one of my programmable function buttons to activate and deactivate this feature.
Output Power Adjustment - It's easy to dial in whatever power output you desire from 100mW up to 12 watts, no menu hunting needed
CW Delay/QSK - see output power adjustment
Bandwidth Changes - see output power adjustment - and you can crank the bandwidth down to 50 Hz - and it still sounds good that narrow!
Sidetone Level - see output power adjustment - sense a theme here?
Alternate VFO B Display - the biggest problem with this one is deciding *which* alternate to use. For SOTA expeditions, I can see the clock, battery voltage, and current all being useful...but in that case I think the clock will win most of the time because of paper logging. And at home, I'm sure the VFO B frequency will win.
I/Q Outputs - it's very easy to set the rig up an have a panadaptor type display: just connect a stereo cable from the rig to the sound card input on the computer. I'm using NaP3 right now, and it actually displays frequency, and can control the KX3 as well when using a USB connection between the rig and the computer. And do all the DSP if you'd rather use it for that instead of the KX3. I've also just discovered LP-Bridge, which will allow the panadaptor display with proper frequency indicated and rig control via separate logging software. Pretty dang neat.
There is a lot more that this rig will do that either doesn't interest me, or that I just haven't discovered yet (I'm about 18 days into owning it). But I can say without hesitation, it is the finest radio I've ever owned. The only nit I can pick with it is that the speaker is small, and it can be pushed into distortion/rattling. But I've found that if I need to be listening that loud, I should probably be on the headphones - problem solved!
How does this radio do so much, so well, in such a small package? It's pretty simple really: it's all in the software. You see, the RF part of the rig is really a direct conversion receiver. That's about as far as my true understanding goes, but basically the signal is directly converted to audio and split into two signals that are out of phase(I and Q). From there, the software works its magic - the radio is really an SDR - software defined radio. What's different from the way many hams think of that is that the processing part is built into the radio's hardware rather than in a separate computer. It allows for easy change and update of the radio's basic function with simple software upgrades (note that "easy" and "simple" are from the end users' perspective!).
The KX3 has performance that rivals and even exceeds all of the top of the line radios for considerably less money with one exception: power output. But, if you're a dedicated QRP operator, that isn't a limitation at all, and in fact, you're not paying for something you won't use. Elecraft is working on an external power amp for those who are interested in using this radio at a higher power level, but it hasn't been released as of this writing.
My FT817ND will be for sale soon.
ARRL November SS CW - 2012
Well, I got none of the antenna improvements done I was hoping for, nor did I have a new radio. The condx seemed down, and my score bore that out...as did some of the preliminary reports I've seen on the 3830 list.
I went to the Lawrenceville hamfest in the morning, and was later getting home than I wanted to be - I just kept on running into old friends I hadn't seen in years, as well as visiting with new ones I've made since I've become a QRPer. And I didn't even get to see *all* of the stuff at the 'fest before I decided I had to head back home to get ready for SS. We took the scenic route to avoid UGA homecoming football traffic on the way home, so that slowed us down....etc.
After getting everything set up and ready for the contest, I found I only had about 20 minutes for the 2-hour nap I was hoping for! Oh well. The first hour this year was actually a little better than it was last year, and I was able to hold run frequencies a little more than last year. But, in the end, my score was still down a bit, just over 10% actually - and that was with more multipliers than last year too as well as an additional hour in the chair!
Even with the less-than-exciting results, I was fairly happy with the FT817's performance (hint: turning down the RF gain really helps on 80 and 40!), as well as the old reliable 80m doublet. I also used an EFHW on 20 some, but could have gotten by without that one.
Here's the sad tale:
Band QSOs
------------
80: 101
40: 161
20: 101
15: 66
10: 2
------------
Total: 431 Sections = 80 Total Score = 68,960
Mults missed were SB, MB, and NL. For the second year in a row, I was able to complete WAS QRP with an 80m doublet in one weekend....it's amazing how well QRP works sometimes!
Already looking forward to next year's SS!
I went to the Lawrenceville hamfest in the morning, and was later getting home than I wanted to be - I just kept on running into old friends I hadn't seen in years, as well as visiting with new ones I've made since I've become a QRPer. And I didn't even get to see *all* of the stuff at the 'fest before I decided I had to head back home to get ready for SS. We took the scenic route to avoid UGA homecoming football traffic on the way home, so that slowed us down....etc.
After getting everything set up and ready for the contest, I found I only had about 20 minutes for the 2-hour nap I was hoping for! Oh well. The first hour this year was actually a little better than it was last year, and I was able to hold run frequencies a little more than last year. But, in the end, my score was still down a bit, just over 10% actually - and that was with more multipliers than last year too as well as an additional hour in the chair!
Even with the less-than-exciting results, I was fairly happy with the FT817's performance (hint: turning down the RF gain really helps on 80 and 40!), as well as the old reliable 80m doublet. I also used an EFHW on 20 some, but could have gotten by without that one.
Here's the sad tale:
Band QSOs
------------
80: 101
40: 161
20: 101
15: 66
10: 2
------------
Total: 431 Sections = 80 Total Score = 68,960
Mults missed were SB, MB, and NL. For the second year in a row, I was able to complete WAS QRP with an 80m doublet in one weekend....it's amazing how well QRP works sometimes!
Already looking forward to next year's SS!
SOTA Activation - Whiteside Mtn. - W4C/WM-042 - 10/26/12
Whiteside Mountain is about two hours north of us, but we stretched that out a bit, taking a more circuitous route on some slightly less-travelled roads. It was a good choice, as we were able to see a bit of color on Highway 28 through South Carolina and Georgia, although the leaves were definitely past their peak - we shoulda been there last weekend!
No matter, as it was a super day for a walk in the woods. This was our third trip up Whiteside this year, and my second SOTA attempt there. Our first two trips were in July, and both were cut short by thunderstorms. As we arrived today, there were some clouds, and it was obvious it had rained not long before we got there, but it looked like there was no storm threat, so we headed up the hill.
The trail at Whiteside is about 2 miles, and makes a loop, with the counterclockwise direction being shorter to the summit, but steeper. The clockwise direction follows an old logging road, and with my knees, is the route I prefer, both ascending and descending, so that's the route we took. After a mile or so, we came to the first overlook - it's quite a spectacular sight after hiking through the woods. After that, there are several overlooks before coming to the summit, each amazingly more spectacular than the last. The trail is in great shape, and gains about 800 feet in the mile or so to the summit.
The battery on the FT817 is starting to show its age - I only operated for about 40 minutes, and at the end of that time, the voltage was dropping to around 9 volts on transmit. I had charged the battery only a couple days before the trip, so it should have been in decent shape. I decided to leave the gel cell in the car this time, but may have to lug it around in the near future until I can get some kind of lithium pack setup for this rig. I really need to start using the ATS3B for SOTA, but I need to work out an antenna solution that won't present high SWR to the rig while tuning, as that rig's final transistors are a little fragile. I've got some ideas, so stay tuned here to see how that pans out.
 |
| Click for larger! |
Another good day playing radio from on top of a mountain!
SOTA in Georgia - The Inaugural Week of the W4G Association
When I started operating exclusively QRP last year, there was a lot of talk in the QRP forums about SOTA - the program has been around for 10 years, but only in the past couple years or so has it started taking off in the US. Each area is represented by an "Association", and until 10/1/2012, my home state of Georgia did not have a SOTA Association. Thanks to the efforts of Christian, AK4VV, we are now officially part of SOTA and there are 136 summits that qualify under SOTA rules. Having become a QRPer with small radios capable of efficient portable operation, I felt compelled to go mountaintopping - after all, that's really a QRP tradition.
So, in order to celebrate the new Georgia Association (W4G), Christian obtained the special callsign W4G for use the first two weeks of the new Assocation by various groups and individuals.
My plans were to be on Black Rock Mountain (W4G/NG-027) precisely at 0000Z on 10/1, but the WX did not cooperate - which really suited me, as it would have meant a tear-down and load-out after dark. Black Rock isn't as remote as a lot of places (the main reason I wanted to activate it at 8pm local!), but it still wouldn't be much fun packing up and walking back to the car in the dark.
My alternate was to activate Brasstown Bald (W4G/NG-001) the next day after work (local, but still the official first day), but again the rains came down pretty heavily and QTA'd that plan. Since I work only an hour or so from Brasstown Bald and it has a short path to the top from the parking lot, I figured I could easily activate it after work one day if I could get away early. Well, Friday, 10/5 I got that chance. I posted an alert at SotaWatch to let folks know I would be active. My estimated start time was 2100Z, and that is exactly when my first QSO was logged - can't guess any closer than that!
Brasstown Bald is Georgia's highest point, and is under control of the US Forest Service. They have a parking lot about 500' vertically below the summit, where there is ample parking, along with restroom facilities and a store. The charge to park is $3 per person, not per car. The FS also operates a shuttle bus that will take you to the top of Brasstown Bald for $3 per person. Of course, generally taking the shuttle bus to the summit would be frowned upon by SOTA, but some leeway is allowed for folks with mobility issues.
I took the trail. It has been many years since I walked the trail to the summit, and I didn't recall that the trail was asphalt - it may not have been, but it is now! About 4' wide and relatively steep. I did see at least one couple with a baby stroller...I'm glad they were pushing it up hill and not me!
 |
| Historical marker on right |
I found a rock and tied it to some cord and tossed it up into a tree maybe 15 or 18 feet up. I then measured out about 30' or so of #26 hookup wire and pulled it up into the tree. The resulting antenna was a low sloper. I fed it to an Elecraft T-1 tuner and a 15' or so counterpoise, which was placed on the ground. Matching was no problem on 40 through 15 meters, but as low as the antenna was, I was concerned it wouldn't work very well. But work it did! I ended up with 24 QSOs, mostly stateside, but a couple DX contacts as well. Best DX by far was VK5CZ, who had to have been worked long path considering the time of day of our QSO. This was all using a Yaesu FT817ND at 5 watts output on CW.
 |
| View from the summit |
First up was Black Mountain: this peak is accessed by an old Forest Service road just north of the Woody Gap parking lot maintained for the Appalachian Trail. Black Mountain isn't on the AT, but is a short side trip. The "trail" is about a mile or so, and gains 600' of elevation. The FS road is the trail! It initially starts out wooded, but after a sharp left turn, as the elevation starts to rise, the road is joined by a power line, which has a large right-of-way opened up. So most of the hike up is basically walking on an exposed gravel road - not a shaded mountain trail. The gravel is fairly large, averaging 1 two 2 inches. The loose gravel didn't make the climb easy, and it made the descent a real pain because the rocks moved a lot underfoot. But, that doesn't matter much, as the summit itself is great! There is a fire tower - the gate was open when I was there, but don't count on that. There is also a large rock formation, which made for some nice open views in several directions. I decided to operate back from the summit at the edge of an opening so I could use the trees for an antenna support.
The 30' wire sloper worked so well at Brasstown Bald, I put it back up on Black Mountain...with similar results: 29 QSOs including several DX stations. The day was nearly perfect - saw no one else on the trail at all, there was a nice breeze blowing, with the leaves rustling. Due to my late start however, I decided not to activate Big Cedar, as I didn't want to be rushed on the summit, and I needed to get home to take care of our dog, as Mrs. AA4GA was out of town. I figure the mountain isn't going anywhere, I'll get another shot at it!
 |
| The actual summit |
Because it was a little crowded, I didn't have room to fully deploy the 30' sloper, so the antenna had a couple bends in it. No problem apparently, as I was able to make 27 QSOs, again including several DX stations. I was planning on staying a little longer than I did, but because I was already a little on edge looking for Smoky Bear and I heard some thunder in the distance, I decided it was time to head home.
I learned a good bit this weekend, and discovered that I have a pretty good system for deploying my antennas and setup and take-down. It only takes 10 to 15 minutes from start to CQ, which I'm happy with. Packing up is even quicker, as I don't have to choose an antenna location! I still haven't figured out yet what to do on treeless summits, but I'm sure I'll come up with something.
A fun three days and end to the first week of the Georgia Association - thanks to everyone for all the QSOs. I probably won't try to activate 3 or 4 summits in one weekend again, but I do hope to go out several more times during the nice fall WX!
You may have noticed that I didn't have any of my own photos and had to reference some others I found on the www - Mrs. AA4GA had the camera with her - I don't know why I didn't think to use my phone! Anyway, originals, with more info about the areas are at summitpost.org and ellijaygeorgiacabins.com.
CW Ops CW Open and "Team Limbo"
CW Ops is an international organization designed to bring together Amateur Radio operators who enjoy using Morse code. As of this writing, there are just over 1000 members worldwide. CW Ops is very active in on-the-air activities, including two monthly contests. Last year, they started the "CW Open", a longer weekend-based contest that is similar to the monthlies, in that the contest is split into three stand-alone periods. For the CW Open, the sessions are 4 hours each, and it's effectively like having three separate 4-hour contests on the same day. Each 4 hour session is separated by a 4-hour off period. One of the neat things about the CW Open is that it also features a team competition: teams of up to 10 operators can be formed to aggregate the operators' scores from the three sessions. I had the idea of forming a team of all QRP operators - not necessarily to win (that would be tough against the many QRO stations out there!), but to give QRP a little publicity ...and to just have fun! So, "Team Limbo" was formed: how low can you go?
We missed a full team by one op, so that's 9 QRP stations on our team. Last year, there were only 7 QRP entries total for the contest, so that's actually a pretty good showing!
Here are the Team Limbo ops and scores by session:
We missed a full team by one op, so that's 9 QRP stations on our team. Last year, there were only 7 QRP entries total for the contest, so that's actually a pretty good showing!
Here are the Team Limbo ops and scores by session:
| Call | Session 1 | Session 2 | Session 3 | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KS0MO (by W7FB) | 15,392 | 15,352 | 8,230 | 39,024 |
| WB3AAL | 420 | 132 | 225 | 877 |
| N8XX | - | 3.498 | 2,100 | 5,598 |
| AD4S | 256 | - | - | 256 |
| WC7S | 6,177 | 7,826 | 4,950 | 18,953 |
| K2UFT | 5,561 | - | - | 5,561 |
| WA4ZOF | 100 | 48 | 121 | 269 |
| AA4GA | 4,071 | 9,265 | 400 | 13,736 |
| NI0R | - | 7,644 | - | 7,644 | Total | - | - | - | 91,918 |
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